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[http://understandinguncertainty.org/files/animations/Micromorts/Micromorts.html animation]
[http://understandinguncertainty.org/files/animations/Micromorts/Micromorts.html animation]
[Understanding uncertainty: Small but lethal]<br>
by David Spiegelhalter and Mike Pearson, ''Plus'' magazine, 12 July 2010


==Accidental insights==
==Accidental insights==

Revision as of 21:46, 25 July 2014

MicroMorts

Margaret Cibes sent a link to the following:

Risk is never a strict numbers game
by Michael Blastland and David Spiegelhalter, Wall Street Journal, 18 July 2014

Noting that people are notoriously bad at weighing risks (e.g., in preferring driving to flying), the article explains the use MicroMorts to simplify comparisons. This unit of measure is death per million is credited to Stanford professor Ronald Howard.

David Spiegelhalter is member of the Understanding Uncertainty project, based at the Statistical Laboratory in the University of Cambridge.

Micromorts, horses and ecstasy

animation

[Understanding uncertainty: Small but lethal]
by David Spiegelhalter and Mike Pearson, Plus magazine, 12 July 2010

Accidental insights

My collective understanding of Power Laws would fit beneath the shallow end of the long tail. Curiosity, however, easily fills the fat end. I long have been intrigued by the concept and the surprisingly common appearance of power laws in varied natural, social and organizational dynamics. But, am I just seeing a statistical novelty or is there meaning and utility in Power Law relationships? Here’s a case in point.

While carrying a pair of 10 lb. hand weights one, by chance, slipped from my grasp and fell onto a piece of ceramic tile I had left on the carpeted floor. The fractured tile was inconsequential, meant for the trash.

BrokenTile.jpg

As I stared, slightly annoyed, at the mess, a favorite maxim of the Greek philosopher, Epictetus, came to mind: “On the occasion of every accident that befalls you, turn to yourself and ask what power you have to put it to use.” Could this array of large and small polygons form a Power Law? With curiosity piqued, I collected all the fragments and measured the area of each piece.

Piece Sq. Inches % of Total
1 43.25 31.9%
2 35.25 26.0%
3 23.25 17.2%
4 14.10 10.4%
5 7.10 5.2%
6 4.70 3.5%
7 3.60 2.7%
8 3.03 2.2%
9 0.66 0.5%
10 0.61 0.5%
Montante plot1.png

The data and plot look like a Power Law distribution. The first plot is an exponential fit of percent total area. The second plot is same data on a log normal format. Clue: Ok, data fits a straight line. I found myself again in the shallow end of the knowledge curve. Does the data reflect a Power Law or something else, and if it does what does it reflect? What insights can I gain from this accident? Favorite maxims of Epictetus and Pasteur echoed in my head: “On the occasion of every accident that befalls you, remember to turn to yourself and inquire what power you have to turn it to use” and “Chance favors only the prepared mind.”

Montante plot2.png

My “prepared” mind searched for answers, leading me down varied learning paths. Tapping the power of networks, I dropped a note to Chance News editor Bill Peterson. His quick web search surfaced a story from Nature News on research by Hans Herrmann, et. al. Shattered eggs reveal secrets of explosions. As described there, researchers have found power-law relationships for the fragments produced by shattering a pane of glass or breaking a solid object, such as a stone. Seems there is a science underpinning how things break and explode; potentially useful in Forensic reconstructions. Bill also provided a link to a vignette from CRAN describing a maximum likelihood procedure for fitting a Power Law relationship. I am now learning my way through that.

Submitted by William Montante

Reproducibility

When studies are wrong: A coda
by George Johnson, New York Times, 7 March 2014


Submitted by Bill Peterson

Finding lost aircraft

Jeanne Albert sent a link to the following

How statisticians found Air France Flight 447 two years after it crashed into Atlantic
MIT Technology Review, 27 May 2014

How statisticians could help find that missing plane, by Carl Bialik, FiveThirtyEight, 17 March 2014